Theme 1: School Life

Unit Vocabulary

Countries, Nationalities & Languages

Word	Turkish	Pronunciation	Example
Türkiye	Türkiye	/tɜːrˈkiː.jə/	I am from Türkiye.
Turkish	Türk / Türkçe	/ˈtɜːr.kɪʃ/	I am Turkish. I can speak Turkish.
the United Kingdom (UK)	Birleşik Krallık	/juːˌnaɪ.tɪd ˈkɪŋ.dəm/	The UK has four countries.
British	İngiliz (Britanyalı)	/ˈbrɪt.ɪʃ/	She is British. She is from London.
the USA	Amerika Birleşik Devletleri	/juː.es.ˈeɪ/	The USA is a large country.
American	Amerikalı / İngilizce	/əˈmer.ɪ.kən/	He is American. He can speak English.
South Korea	Güney Kore	/saʊθ kəˈriː.ə/	South Korea is in Asia.
South Korean	Güney Koreli / Korece	/saʊθ kəˈriː.ən/	She is South Korean. She can speak Korean.
Azerbaijan	Azerbaycan	/ˌæz.ər.baɪˈdʒɑːn/	Azerbaijan is our neighbour.
Azerbaijani	Azeri / Azerice	/ˌæz.ər.baɪˈdʒɑː.ni/	He is Azerbaijani. He can speak Azerbaijani.
Germany	Almanya	/ˈdʒɜːr.mə.ni/	Germany is in Europe.
German	Alman / Almanca	/ˈdʒɜːr.mən/	She is German. She can speak German.
Japan	Japonya	/dʒəˈpæn/	Japan is famous for its culture.
Japanese	Japon / Japonca	/ˌdʒæp.əˈniːz/	He is Japanese. He can speak Japanese.
Spain	İspanya	/speɪn/	Spain is famous for flamenco.
Spanish	İspanyol / İspanyolca	/ˈspæn.ɪʃ/	She is Spanish. She can speak Spanish.

Tourist Attractions & Activities

Word	Turkish	Pronunciation	Example
sightseeing	gezi, tur	/ˈsaɪt.siː.ɪŋ/	We can go sightseeing in İstanbul.
tourist attraction	turistik yer	/ˈtʊr.ɪst əˌtræk.ʃən/	The Blue Mosque is a tourist attraction.
palace	saray	/ˈpæl.ɪs/	Dolmabahçe Palace is in İstanbul.
castle	kale	/ˈkɑː.səl/	Edinburgh Castle is in Scotland.
tower	kule	/ˈtaʊ.ər/	The Eiffel Tower is in Paris.
monument	anıt	/ˈmɒn.jə.mənt/	This monument is very old.
square	meydan	/skweər/	Sultanahmet Square is fascinating.
historical site	tarihi alan	/hɪˈstɒr.ɪ.kəl saɪt/	Ephesus is an ancient historical site.
ancient ruin	antik kalıntı	/ˈeɪn.ʃənt ruː.ɪn/	Tourists can visit ancient ruins in Türkiye.
art museum	sanat müzesi	/ɑːrt mjuːˈziː.əm/	The Louvre is a famous art museum.
boat ride	tekne turu	/bəʊt raɪd/	You can take a boat ride on the Bosphorus.
UNESCO World Heritage Site	UNESCO Dünya Mirası	/juːˈnes.kəʊ/	Cappadocia is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
fjord	fiyort	/fjɔːrd/	Norway is famous for its fjords.

Verbs, Adjectives & Adverbs

Word	Turkish	Pronunciation	Example
to head to	yönelmek, gitmek	/hed tuː/	Let's head to the museum!
to join	katılmak	/dʒɔɪn/	Can you join us for the trip?
to be famous for	ile ünlü olmak	/ˈfeɪ.məs fɔːr/	Türkiye is famous for its history.
fascinating	büyüleyici	/ˈfæs.ɪ.neɪ.tɪŋ/	İstanbul is a fascinating city.
ancient	antik, eski	/ˈeɪn.ʃənt/	Ephesus is an ancient city.
native	yerli, ana (dil)	/ˈneɪ.tɪv/	My native language is Turkish.
fluently	akıcı bir şekilde	/ˈfluː.ənt.li/	She can speak English fluently.

National Days & Celebrations

English	Turkish	Date	Example
Republic Day	Cumhuriyet Bayramı	29 October	We celebrate Republic Day on 29 October every year.
republic	cumhuriyet		Türkiye became a republic in 1923.
to celebrate	kutlamak		Students celebrate this special day at school with ceremonies.
ceremony	tören		There is a big ceremony in front of the school building.
national anthem	ulusal marş		We sing our national anthem at the beginning of the ceremony.
flag	bayrak		The Turkish flag is red and white with a crescent and star.
Atatürk Week	Atatürk Haftası	3–9 November	We remember Atatürk and his vision during Atatürk Week.
founder	kurucu		Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is the founder of the Republic of Türkiye.
to commemorate	anmak		We commemorate Atatürk on 10 November with a moment of silence.
independence	bağımsızlık		Atatürk fought for the independence of his country.

Grammar

"To Be" in Simple Present Tense (am / is / are)

Affirmative (+)

Subject + am / is / are + complement

Subject	To Be	Example
I	am	I am from Türkiye.
You / We / They	are	They are British.
He / She / It	is	She is Japanese.

Negative (−)

Subject + am not / is not / are not + complement

Subject	Negative	Short Form	Example
I	am not	I'm not	I'm not American.
You / We / They	are not	aren't	They aren't from Spain.
He / She / It	is not	isn't	He isn't German.

Questions (?)

Am / Is / Are + subject + complement?

Q: Are you from Türkiye?

A: Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.

Q: Is she British?

A: Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.

Q: What is your nationality?

A: I am Turkish.

Q: Where are you from?

A: I am from Ankara, Türkiye.

More Examples

The capital of Türkiye is Ankara.

Türkiye'nin başkenti Ankara'dır.

They are students from different countries.

Onlar farklı ülkelerden öğrencilerdir.

Modal "Can" — Ability & Possibility

Affirmative (+)

Subject + can + verb (base form)

Subject	Can	Verb	Example
I / You / We / They / He / She	can	speak	I can speak Turkish.
Tourists	can	visit	Tourists can visit Hagia Sophia.

Negative (−)

Subject + cannot / can't + verb (base form)

Examples

I can't speak Chinese.

Çince konuşamam.

He cannot swim in this lake.

Bu gölde yüzemez.

Questions (?)

Can + subject + verb (base form)?

Q: Can you speak English?

A: Yes, I can. / No, I can't.

Q: What languages can she speak?

A: She can speak Turkish and English.

Q: Where can tourists visit in İstanbul?

A: They can visit Sultanahmet Square and Galata Tower.

Q: What can tourists do in İstanbul?

A: They can take a boat ride on the Bosphorus.

Remember!

"Can" is the same for ALL subjects. No -s, no -es!

She can speak. She ~~cans~~ speak.

He can swim. He ~~can to~~ swim.

Vocabulary Focus

Grammar Focus

Unit Vocabulary

Grammar

Affirmative (+)

Negative (−)

Questions (?)

Affirmative (+)

Negative (−)

Questions (?)

Vocabulary Match Game

English

Turkish

Unit Quiz