Revision 1: 8th Grade Review

Revision Vocabulary

School Events & Celebrations

Word	Turkish	Pronunciation	Example
sports event	spor etkinliği	/spɔːrts ɪˈvent/	Our school organises sports events every year.
drama club	tiyatro kulübü	/ˈdrɑː.mə klʌb/	I joined the drama club last year.
music concert	müzik konseri	/ˈmjuː.zɪk ˈkɒn.sɜːt/	We had a music concert at school.
celebration	kutlama	/ˌsel.ɪˈbreɪ.ʃən/	The celebration was amazing.
environment	çevre	/ɪnˈvaɪ.rən.mənt/	We must protect the environment.
to develop	geliştirmek	/dɪˈvel.əp/	Students develop new skills at school.
to participate	katılmak	/pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/	Everyone should participate in activities.
to organise	düzenlemek	/ˈɔː.ɡən.aɪz/	Our teacher organises fun projects.

Learning Activities & Technology

Word	Turkish	Pronunciation	Example
interactive whiteboard	akıllı tahta	/ˌɪn.tərˈæk.tɪv ˈwaɪt.bɔːrd/	We use an interactive whiteboard in class.
tablet	tablet	/ˈtæb.lɪt/	I prefer studying on my tablet.
online course	çevrimiçi kurs	/ˌɒnˈlaɪn kɔːrs/	She takes an online course every week.
group work	grup çalışması	/ɡruːp wɜːrk/	I enjoy group work more than working alone.
project	proje	/ˈprɒdʒ.ekt/	We have to finish the project by Friday.
presentation	sunum	/ˌprez.ənˈteɪ.ʃən/	He is giving a presentation today.
to prefer	tercih etmek	/prɪˈfɜːr/	I prefer visual learning.
research	araştırma	/rɪˈsɜːtʃ/	Students do research on the internet.

Films & Visual Arts

Word	Turkish	Pronunciation	Example
comedy	komedi	/ˈkɒm.ə.di/	I prefer watching comedy films.
horror	korku	/ˈhɒr.ər/	She doesn't like horror movies.
documentary	belgesel	/ˌdɒk.jəˈmen.tər.i/	We watched a documentary about nature.
animation	animasyon	/ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/	Children love animation films.
mobile phone	cep telefonu	/ˈməʊ.baɪl fəʊn/	Using a mobile phone too much is unhealthy.
social media	sosyal medya	/ˌsəʊ.ʃəl ˈmiː.di.ə/	Social media can affect our health.
screen time	ekran süresi	/skriːn taɪm/	You must reduce your screen time.

Family Relationships & Home

Word	Turkish	Pronunciation	Example
relationship	ilişki	/rɪˈleɪ.ʃən.ʃɪp/	A good relationship needs trust.
argument	tartışma	/ˈɑːr.ɡjə.mənt/	We had an argument about chores.
to solve	çözmek	/sɒlv/	We must solve problems together.
chores	ev işleri	/tʃɔːrz/	Everyone has to do their chores.
to support	desteklemek	/səˈpɔːrt/	Families should support each other.
responsible	sorumlu	/rɪˈspɒn.sə.bəl/	She is very responsible.
living style	yaşam tarzı	/ˈlɪv.ɪŋ staɪl/	Every family has a different living style.

Grammar Review

Present Tenses — Simple Present vs Present Progressive

Simple Present Tense

Subject + V1 / V1(s/es) | Habits, routines, general truths

Examples

I wake up at 7 every morning.

Her sabah 7'de uyanırım.

She plays basketball on Mondays.

Pazartesileri basketbol oynar.

Water boils at 100°C.

Su 100°C'de kaynar.

vs.

Present Progressive (Continuous) Tense

Subject + am/is/are + V-ing | Actions happening NOW or temporary

Examples

I am studying English right now.

Şu anda İngilizce çalışıyorum.

Look! It is raining outside.

Bak! Dışarıda yağmur yağıyor.

Key Difference

Simple Present	Present Progressive
every day, always, usually, often	now, right now, at the moment, look!
She reads books every night.	She is reading a book now.

Modals — can, must, have to

"Can" — Ability

Subject + can / can't + V1

Examples

I can swim very well.

Çok iyi yüzebilirim.

She can't drive a car yet.

Henüz araba süremez.

"Must" vs "Have to"

"Must" — Strong Obligation (personal / rules)

Subject + must / must not + V1

Examples

You must wear a seatbelt. (rule)

Emniyet kemeri takmalısın.

Students must not use phones in class.

Öğrenciler derste telefon kullanmamalı.

"Have to / Has to" — External Obligation

Subject + have to / has to + V1 | Past: had to + V1

Examples

I have to do my homework every day.

Her gün ödevimi yapmak zorundayım.

She had to stay at home yesterday.

Dün evde kalmak zorunda kaldı.

Quick Comparison

Modal	Usage	Example
can	ability	I can play guitar.
must	personal / strong rule	You must be quiet.
have to	external obligation	I have to work today.
had to	past obligation	She had to leave early.

Past Tenses — Simple Past, Past Progressive & Used to

Simple Past Tense

Subject + V2 (regular: -ed / irregular: went, saw, etc.)

Examples

I visited my grandparents last weekend.

Geçen hafta sonu büyükanne ve büyükbabamı ziyaret ettim.

She didn't go to school yesterday.

Dün okula gitmedi.

Q: Did you watch the film last night?

A: Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.

Past Progressive (Continuous)

Past Progressive Tense

Subject + was/were + V-ing | Ongoing past action (often interrupted)

Examples

I was studying when the phone rang.

Telefon çaldığında ders çalışıyordum.

They were playing football at 5 o'clock.

Saat 5'te futbol oynuyorlardı.

"Used to"

"Used to" — Past Habits (not anymore)

Subject + used to + V1 | Negative: didn't use to + V1

Examples

I used to play football, but now I play basketball.

Eskiden futbol oynardım ama şimdi basketbol oynuyorum.

She didn't use to like vegetables.

Eskiden sebzeleri sevmezdi.

Question Tags & Polite Requests (could)

Question Tags — Confirmation Seeking

Positive sentence + negative tag? | Negative sentence + positive tag?

Sentence	Tag
You are a student,	aren't you?
She can swim,	can't she?
They went to school,	didn't they?
He doesn't like coffee,	does he?
You weren't there,	were you?

"Could" — Polite Requests

"Could" — Polite Requests & Past Ability

Could you + V1, please? | Past: I could / couldn't + V1

Polite Requests

Could you open the window, please?

Pencereyi açabilir misiniz, lütfen?

Could I borrow your pen?

Kaleminizi ödünç alabilir miyim?

Past Ability

I could ride a bike when I was six.

Altı yaşındayken bisiklet sürebiliyordum.

She couldn't swim last year, but now she can.

Geçen yıl yüzemiyordu ama şimdi yüzebiliyor.

Vocabulary Focus

Grammar Focus

Revision Vocabulary