Theme 4: Coming Soon

Unit Vocabulary

Technology & Digital Devices

Word	Type	Pronunciation	Meaning	Example
access	n.	/ˈækses/	erişim	You need a password to get access to the system.
account	n.	/əˈkaʊnt/	hesap	She created a new account on the social media platform.
antivirus software	n.	/ˌæntiˈvaɪrəs ˈsɒftweə/	antivirüs yazılımı	Install antivirus software to protect your computer.
application	n.	/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/	uygulama	This application lets you edit photos on your phone.
artificial intelligence	n.	/ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/	yapay zeka	Artificial intelligence is changing the way we live.
component	n.	/kəmˈpəʊnənt/	bileşen	The motherboard is the main component of a computer.
data	n.	/ˈdeɪtə/	veri	Scientists collect data to support their research.
domain	n.	/dəˈmeɪn/	alan adı	The website’s domain name is easy to remember.
download	v.	/ˈdaʊnləʊd/	indirmek	You can download the app for free from the store.
headset	n.	/ˈhedset/	kulaklık	He uses a VR headset to play immersive games.
mobile device	n.	/ˈməʊbaɪl dɪˈvaɪs/	taşınabilir cihaz	A mobile device lets you stay connected anywhere.
password	n.	/ˈpɑːswɜːd/	şifre, parola	Never share your password with anyone.
personal identification number (PIN)	n.	/pɪn/	kişisel kimlik numarası	Enter your PIN to complete the transaction.
screenshot	n.	/ˈskriːnʃɒt/	ekran görüntüsü	I took a screenshot of the error message.
sensory	adj.	/ˈsensəri/	duyusal	VR provides a full sensory experience.
smart device	n.	/smɑːt dɪˈvaɪs/	akıllı cihaz	A smart device can be controlled with your voice.
social security number	n.	/ˈsəʊʃl sɪˈkjʊərəti ˈnʌmbə/	sosyal güvenlik numarası	Keep your social security number confidential.
three-dimensional	adj.	/ˌθriːdaɪˈmenʃənl/	üç boyutlu	The film was shown in three-dimensional format.
virtual reality	n.	/ˈvɜːtʃuəl riˈælɪti/	sanal gerçeklik	Virtual reality technology is used in education.
visual	adj.	/ˈvɪʒuəl/	görsel	The game offers stunning visual effects.

Cyber Security & Crime

Word	Type	Pronunciation	Meaning	Example
cyber crime	n.	/ˈsaɪbə kraɪm/	siber suç	Cyber crime costs businesses billions every year.
cyberbullying	n.	/ˈsaɪbəˌbʊliɪŋ/	siber zorbalık	Cyberbullying can seriously harm young people.
cybercrook	n.	/ˈsaɪbəkrʊk/	siber dolandırıcı	The cybercrook stole personal data from thousands of users.
cyberspace	n.	/ˈsaɪbəspeɪs/	siber uzay	People spend hours navigating cyberspace every day.
decrypt	v.	/dɪˈkrɪpt/	şifre çözmek	The agent managed to decrypt the secret message.
encrypt	v.	/ɪnˈkrɪpt/	şifrelemek	Banks encrypt data to keep it safe.
fake	adj.	/feɪk/	sahte	Be careful of fake websites that look real.
fraudulent	adj.	/ˈfrɔːdjʊlənt/	hileli, sahte	She received a fraudulent email asking for her password.
hacker	n.	/ˈhækə/	bilgisayar korsanı	The hacker broke into the company’s server.
identity theft	n.	/aɪˈdentɪti θeft/	kimlik hırsızlığı	Identity theft is one of the fastest-growing crimes.
malware	n.	/ˈmælweə/	zararlı yazılım	Malware can damage your computer and steal your data.
phishing	n.	/ˈfɪʃɪŋ/	oltalama (dolandırıcılık)	Phishing emails trick people into giving away their information.
ransomware	n.	/ˈrænsəmweə/	fidye yazılımı	Ransomware locks your files until you pay money.
scammer	n.	/ˈskæmə/	dolandırıcı	The scammer pretended to be a bank employee.
spam	n.	/spæm/	istenmeyen e-posta	My inbox is full of spam messages.

Virtual World, Gaming & Expressions

Word	Type	Pronunciation	Meaning	Example
actually	adv.	/ˈæktʃuəli/	aslında	Actually, virtual reality has been around since the 1960s.
after all	adv.	/ˌɑːftər ˈɔːl/	sonuçta, ne de olsa	It wasn’t so difficult after all.
avatar	n.	/ˈævətɑː/	sanal karakter	Choose an avatar to represent yourself in the game.
aviation	n.	/ˌeɪviˈeɪʃn/	havacılık	Aviation technology will change dramatically in the future.
badge	n.	/bædʒ/	rozet	You earn a badge when you complete each level.
barely	adv.	/ˈbeəli/	zar zor, güçlükle	I can barely see the text on this small screen.
checkpoint	n.	/ˈtʃekpɔɪnt/	kontrol noktası	Save your progress at the checkpoint before the boss fight.
cyborg	n.	/ˈsaɪbɔːg/	siborg (yarı insan yarı makine)	In science fiction, a cyborg is part human, part machine.
definitely	adv.	/ˈdefɪnɪtli/	kesinlikle	Technology will definitely change our lives even more.
frequently	adv.	/ˈfriːkwəntli/	sık sık	She frequently updates her social media profile.
imaginary	adj.	/ɪˈmædʒɪnəri/	hayali, düşsel	The story takes place in an imaginary world.
immerse	v.	/ɪˈmɜːs/	dalmak, kendini kaptırmak	The VR headset allows you to immerse yourself in the game.
increasingly	adv.	/ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/	giderek artan şekilde	People are increasingly relying on smart devices.
individually	adv.	/ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəli/	bireysel olarak	Students can work individually or in groups online.
interaction	n.	/ˌɪntərˈækʃn/	etkileşim	Online interaction has replaced face-to-face meetings.
interlocutor	n.	/ˌɪntəˈlɒkjʊtə/	muhatap, konuşmacı	She turned to her interlocutor and disagreed politely.
isolation	n.	/ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃn/	izolasyon, yalnızlık	Spending too much time online can lead to isolation.
likely	adv.	/ˈlaɪkli/	muhtemelen, olası	It is likely that AI will replace some jobs.
multiplayer	adj.	/ˌmʌltiˈpleɪə/	çok oyunculu	This is a multiplayer game where you can play with friends.
necessarily	adv.	/ˌnesəˈserəli/	zorunlu olarak	Technology doesn’t necessarily make life easier.
nickname	n.	/ˈnɪkneɪm/	takma ad, lakap	His nickname in the game is “CyberWolf”.
partly	adv.	/ˈpɑːtli/	kısmen	The accident was partly caused by a system error.
perhaps	adv.	/pəˈhæps/	belki	Perhaps robots will do all the housework in the future.
probably	adv.	/ˈprɒbəbli/	muhtemelen	Self-driving cars will probably become common soon.
proceed	v.	/prəˈsiːd/	devam etmek, ilerlemek	Click “Next” to proceed to the next level.
similarly	adv.	/ˈsɪmɪləli/	benzer şekilde	Similarly, drones are used in both agriculture and delivery.
simulation	n.	/ˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃn/	simülasyon, benzetim	Pilots use flight simulation software for training.

Grammar

Making Predictions — will / be going to

Structures for Making Predictions

Subject + will + V1 | Subject + be going to + V1

will vs. be going to

will	be going to
Predictions based on opinion	Predictions based on evidence
Spontaneous decisions	Planned actions & intentions
Promises & offers	Future events that seem certain

Positive Forms

Subject	will + V	be going to + V
I	I’ll travel to Mars one day.	I’m going to study AI.
You	You’ll love this game.	You’re going to enjoy it.
He / She	She’ll become a programmer.	He’s going to start coding.
We	We’ll live longer.	We’re going to build a robot.
They	They’ll invent new things.	They’re going to launch an app.

Negative Forms

won’t + V	not going to + V
I won’t forget my password.	I’m not going to give up.
She won’t fail the test.	She’s not going to quit.

Q: Will robots replace humans?

A: I think they’ll replace some jobs, but not all of them.

Q: What are you going to do after graduation?

A: I’m going to study artificial intelligence at university.

When do we use predictions?

To talk about the future — what we think or expect will happen

Gelecek hakkında konuşmak için — ne olacağını düşündüğümüzü veya beklediğimizi ifade etmek

Reduced forms — I’ll, he’ll, won’t are used in spoken English

Kısaltılmış formlar — I’ll, he’ll, won’t konuşma dilinde kullanılır

Expressing Certainty & Uncertainty — may / might / could

Certainty Scale

will definitely will probably may / might probably won’t definitely won’t

Expression	Level	Example
will definitely	100% certain	AI will definitely change our lives.
will probably	very likely	We’ll probably use VR more in the future.
may / might	possible (50/50)	Robots might do our housework.
probably won’t	unlikely	They probably won’t replace teachers.
definitely won’t	0% certain	Technology definitely won’t stop advancing.

Using perhaps & maybe

Adverb	Example
Perhaps	Perhaps we will live on Mars one day.
Maybe	Maybe virtual reality will replace classrooms.

Q: Do you think virtual reality will be used in schools?

A: It might be. Perhaps teachers will use it for science lessons.

Q: Will everyone have a personal robot in the future?

A: Probably not everyone, but many people may have one.

When do we express certainty / uncertainty?

To show how sure we are — using modal verbs and adverbs together

Ne kadar emin olduğumuzu göstermek için — modal fiiller ve zarfları birlikte kullanarak

To discuss possibilities — “might”, “may”, “could” show uncertainty

Olasılıkları tartışmak için — “might”, “may”, “could” belirsizliği gösterir

Vocabulary Focus

Grammar Focus

Unit Vocabulary