Vocabulary Focus
Grammar Focus
Social Language
Unit Vocabulary
Cooking Actions | Word | Turkish | Pronunciation | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| add (v) | eklemek | /æd/ | Add some salt and pepper to the soup. |
| bake (v) | fırında pişirmek | /beɪk/ | Bake the cake at 180 degrees for 30 minutes. |
| chop (v) | doğramak | /tʃɒp/ | Chop the onions into small pieces. |
| fry (v) | kızartmak | /fraɪ/ | Fry the chicken in hot oil until golden brown. |
| grate (v) | rendelemek | /ɡreɪt/ | Grate the cheese and sprinkle it over the pasta. |
| grill (v) | ızgara yapmak | /ɡrɪl/ | We love to grill vegetables in the summer. |
| peel (v) | soymak (kabuk) | /piːl/ | Peel the potatoes before boiling them. |
| preheat (v) | önceden ısıtmak | /priːˈhiːt/ | Preheat the oven to 200 degrees. |
| roll (v) | açmak (hamur), yuvarlamak | /rəʊl/ | Roll the dough into a thin circle. |
| rub (v) | ovmak, sürmek | /rʌb/ | Rub the spices onto the meat before grilling. |
Food & Kitchen | Word | Turkish | Pronunciation | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| flavour (n) | tat, lezzet | /ˈfleɪ.vər/ | This cake has a wonderful chocolate flavour. |
| ingredient (n) | malzeme, içerik | /ɪnˈɡriː.di.ənt/ | What is the main ingredient in this recipe? |
| raw (adj) | çiğ, pişmemiş | /rɔː/ | Don't eat raw meat — it must be cooked properly. |
| recipe (n) | yemek tarifi | /ˈres.ɪ.pi/ | This recipe has been passed down for generations. |
| spoon (n) | kaşık | /spuːn/ | Use a wooden spoon to stir the soup. |
Festivals & Expressions | Expression | Turkish | Example |
|---|---|---|
| brotherhood (n) | kardeşlik | Festivals bring a sense of brotherhood to the community. |
| carriage (n) | at arabası, vagon | The royal carriage was decorated with flowers for the parade. |
| fairground (n) | panayır alanı | The fairground was full of colourful rides and food stalls. |
| organiser (n) | organizatör | The organiser planned every detail of the festival carefully. |
| outfit (n) | kıyafet | Everyone wore a traditional outfit for the cultural festival. |
| parade (n) | geçit töreni | The parade marched through the city centre with music and flags. |
| be open to (idiom) | açık olmak | You should be open to trying new foods from different cultures. |
| in seventh heaven (idiom) | çok mutlu, bulutların üstünde | She was in seventh heaven when she tasted the homemade baklava. |
Celebrations: 12 Mart & 18 Mart | Word | Turkish | Pronunciation | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| national anthem (n) | ulusal marş | /ˈnæʃ.ən.əl ˈæn.θəm/ | Mehmet Akif Ersoy wrote the Turkish national anthem in 1921. |
| victory (n) | zafer | /ˈvɪk.tər.i/ | The victory at Çanakkale is one of the most important events in Turkish history. |
| martyr (n) | şehit | /ˈmɑː.tər/ | We honour the martyrs who gave their lives for our country. |
| independence (n) | bağımsızlık | /ˌɪn.dɪˈpen.dəns/ | Independence is the most important value of a nation. |
| sacrifice (n) | fedakârlık | /ˈsæk.rɪ.faɪs/ | The soldiers made great sacrifices during the Battle of Çanakkale. |
| commemorate (v) | anmak | /kəˈmem.ə.reɪt/ | We commemorate the Çanakkale Victory every year on 18 March. |
Grammar
Passive Voice — Present & Past| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| People speak English worldwide. | English is spoken worldwide. |
| They grow tea in Rize. | Tea is grown in Rize. |
Turkish food is loved all over the world.
Türk yemekleri dünyanın her yerinde sevilir.
The ingredients are prepared before cooking starts.
Malzemeler pişirmeye başlamadan önce hazırlanır.
The cake was baked in the oven for 30 minutes.
Kek fırında 30 dakika pişirildi.
The onions were chopped into small pieces.
Soğanlar küçük parçalara doğrandı.
The festival was organised by the local council.
Festival yerel yönetim tarafından düzenlendi.
The vegetables should be chopped before cooking.
Sebzeler pişirmeden önce doğranmalı.
Raw meat must be cooked properly.
Çiğ et düzgün pişirilmelidir.
This dessert can be served with ice cream.
Bu tatlı dondurmayla servis edilebilir.
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| She bakes the bread. | The bread is baked (by her). |
| They organised the festival. | The festival was organised (by them). |
| You must cook the meat. | The meat must be cooked. |
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